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Red Flags in Startup Pitches: What Makes Experienced Investors Pass

Red Flags in Startup Pitches: What Makes Experienced Investors Pass

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Fundraising, Investing

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    The New Normal for Fundraising (It’s All Online)

    February 23, 2022

    2 min read Fundraising like everything else has moved online, almost all of it. Traditionally, those who wanted to raise funding would meet everyone in their local area. You would pitch to the local angel network or investment group, meet with the local venture capitalist, and of course canvas all your family and friends. It was something the CEO had to do because investors wanted to meet with the CEO of the company. It was time-consuming. You had to get introductions to investors you didn’t know and you had to keep the investors up to date with your progress. It was not uncommon to hear about 50+ pitch sessions before receiving the first investment. The investor side was equally difficult. I ran an angel network in the 2000s, and I had many startups pitch to my investors in a dinner club setting. Ninety percent of the startups would go away, and we would never hear from them again. We had no idea what happened to them. Only about ten percent would come back and give us updates, reminders, and show some semblance of progress. Those are the startups we funded. Those CEOs built a relationship with the investor and provided enough information to the investor that one could see momentum and traction in play. The Present Today, there is a better way. You can use online tools to help raise funding for your business. The key to fundraising is to build an investor prospect list and update them on your progress.  It takes seven touches to close a sale – so it takes seven touches to close an investor. Tools to Raise Funding To raise funding, you need to: Access a large number of investors. You need to think worldwide-not just citywide. Use analytics to find the right investor. Understand the different investor types – angels, VCs, family offices, etc. Engage and maintain contact with investors.  You have to demonstrate progress not just state forecasts and make promises. Prepare investor documents— you need to come prepared with your pitch deck, due diligence box, and other key documents for investors. Prepare the campaign– know what are you are going to tell the investor about your deal. The rule of pitching is: if you don’t articulate it – it doesn’t exist.  If you have revenue but don’t mention it, you get no credit for it with the investors.   Read more on the TEN Capital Network education: http://staging.startupfundingespresso.com/education/ Hall T. Martin is the founder and CEO of the TEN Capital Network. TEN Capital has been connecting startups with investors for over ten years. You can connect with Hall about fundraising, business growth, and emerging technologies via LinkedIn or email: hallmartin@tencapital.group

    Angel Investing: The Deal Process

    February 20, 2022

    2 min read The aim of every angel investor is to profit, and this is done by closing successful deals. In this article, we take a closer look at the deal process discussing topics such as stages of the deal, performing due diligence, and how to effectively lead the deal as an angel investor. Stages of the Deal Process A startup investment goes through a series of stages. It starts with the pitch presentation in which the startup introduces the deal to the investors. Then there’s the first follow-up meeting in which the investors dig into the deal to learn the details. Investors want to think about it and also want to see the startup continue to make progress. Then comes the Due Diligence phase in which the investors perform a more rigid review of the startup’s documents, team, and market. If the terms sheet has been established by other investors, then the investors review those documents. If not, the investor must negotiate the terms including valuation. Investors then check with their network to see who else may want to invest or put it out to other investors for syndication. Finally, there’s the closing of the round with the signing of documents. Not every startup makes it all the way through the process. Here are some key challenges: When the investors come together to dig into the deal, it must have enough traction and value propositions to maintain the investors’ interest before the investors commit significant time to it.  Deals may stall because the diligence process didn’t continue because the investors were distracted. Some deals stall because the startup and the investors cannot agree on valuation. Deals can stall out or come up with a lower investment amount because investors fell out at the closing stage.  It’s important to keep the momentum going throughout the process both on the investor side and the startup side. Deal Diligence Below are some tips on how an investor group can make the diligence process manageable: standardize the diligence process break it down into subtasks and define the process for each task assign the tasks to team members set target dates for completion and have periodic check-ins with each team member  focus on the key risks and not every aspect of the deal make clear to the startup how the diligence process works keep the startup apprised of the progress and status of their deal In most cases, the startup will find the process manageable if they understand how it works and if they see consistent progress to the goal. A good diligence process often provides new information and insight to the startup. Reducing time, making it efficient, and helping the startup, are the signs of a good diligence process. Leading the Deal In early-stage investing, someone needs to take the lead and screen the deals, diligence selected ones, and negotiate the valuation with the chosen ones. In most cases, the lead investor doesn’t want to be the only one in the deal and promotes other investors to join. This promotion process is called syndication. Most investors are looking for someone else to take the lead and actively follow the deal as it progresses. As a deal lead, make sure you do the following: Setup a strong process for diligence and bring legal, accounting, and other resources that can help in the process. Know the deal economics such as valuation, investor rights, control terms, and the path to an exit.  Keep other investors informed to attract them to the deal. Invest enough of your own funds to show commitment to the startup. Coach the startup on fundraising, especially for first-time founders. Move the funding process forward consistently without stalling out. Set aside time to join the board of directors. Add value to the startup where you can. Move to Close After the diligence is complete and the open questions answered, the team must decide whether or not to invest. It’s important to identify the risks and write them out in the report. The team should articulate an investment thesis that includes the opportunity in the deal such as how big it could become. The team should include the potential exit value and how long it will take to reach it. The team should also clarify their assumptions around the deal and write it out as well. To decide to go forward, take the temperature of the team. It’s either heating up or cooling off. Monitor the company’s progress to see if it continues to demonstrate a growth story. If enough investors want to move forward, then the investors should pursue it. If not enough investors want to move forward, then it’s a pass. It’s important to make a timely decision as the entrepreneur needs to know the group’s position.   Read more on the TEN Capital eGuide: Leading an Angel Group Hall T. Martin is the founder and CEO of the TEN Capital Network. TEN Capital has been connecting startups with investors for over ten years. You can connect with Hall about fundraising, business growth, and emerging technologies via LinkedIn or email: hallmartin@tencapital.group

    Understanding How Much Funding to Pursue

    February 17, 2022

    2 min read  When I ask entrepreneurs how much they are raising the automatic answer is $1M. It just seems like the thing to do. Moreover, when I ask what they are going to do with it, many seem unsure. Alternatively, they provide generalizations like:  “We need it for marketing, or hiring key personnel, or developing products.” The response from investors (myself included) is usually along the lines of, “No S!#t?” How Much Do You Need? Before pursuing investment, one needs to consider how much to raise and how it’s going to be used.  When you go to pitch to investors make sure you are prepared. It should be clear as to exactly how you’ve come up with these funding requirements. Be comfortable explaining these funding requirements and exactly how you plan to put that money to work. Of course, it’s still an educated guess. However, having these items researched and detailed in your business plan (and pitch presentation) will build a lot more credibility with the potential investor. Figuring out how much you need to raise starts with: How much do you need for equipment, inventory, contract services (such as legal costs, marketing, sales, and more.)? This financial model is a MUST before setting the fundraising amount. Start Small I often recommend raising as little money as possible before you have customer sales because the valuation (how much the investor considers your company worth) is going to be quite low. Any money you raise in the beginning will cost a more significant portion of the equity in your company than follow-on investments down the road. In other words, the higher the risk, the greater the equity the investor is going to require.  It’s also better to raise a lower amount (say $250K) to get the product up and running and sold to a few customers. You always raise a larger round of funding later, but at that point, it should be a much better valuation for the entrepreneur–with the product and customer risks mitigated you don’t have to give away as much equity. Also, for every $1M you are trying to raise you’ll spend one year raising it and NOT doing much of anything else on your business. Raising only $250K will reduce the amount of time spent fundraising allowing you to work on your product, marketing, sales, and team building. Read more on the TEN Capital Network education: Click Here Hall T. Martin is the founder and CEO of the TEN Capital Network. TEN Capital has been connecting startups with investors for over ten years. You can connect with Hall about fundraising, business growth, and emerging technologies via LinkedIn or email: hallmartin@tencapital.group

    Best Practices for Entrepreneurs Seeking Funding

    February 17, 2022

    Next2 min read Have ready the executive summary, slide deck, and business plan with financials.  It helps to have the core three documents – executive summary (one-page only), slide deck, and business plan already developed and ready to go. As the entrepreneur meets prospective investors, he can use the relevant docs for each meeting.  Publish a periodical email newsletter for interested investors  In the fundraising process, I see some entrepreneurs sending out email updates to highlight the progress of the company. Some come as often as weekly to show growth in sales, product plans, and other milestones. This shows the company’s ability to execute.  Finding a Lead Angel Find a lead angel to develop a terms sheet and start the funding round By finding a lead angel and creating a terms sheet, the entrepreneur removes the most significant barrier to fundraising – the negotiation process. Numerous angel investors find the initial negotiation and due diligence process too time-consuming. By eliminating this hurdle, the entrepreneur opens up the deal to a more significant number of investors.  “Investor-friendly “ Make the deal terms “investor-friendly.” First, every deal must be negotiated. The harder the terms for the investor to accept the longer the time it will take to negotiate. By making the terms “investor-friendly” through reasonable pre-money valuations, preferences, and other terms, the faster the process goes.  Due Diligence Next, push all due diligence docs to password-protected therefore, interested angels can perform due diligence more easily. The due diligence phase can be sped up by having all the essential docs already available. I’ve seen some entrepreneurs put everything on a protected website and then give out the password to interested investors. This knocks down the hurdle of trying to send 600 MB worth of documents through the email system.  Continue the quarterly email newsletter after funding, so investors stay with you. It’s important to keep investors up to date even after the funds are raised since investors can help in other ways. Some investors bring a Rolodex of contacts while others bring experience and coaching. By keeping them informed of your progress and challenges, they may be able to help. This practice is also useful for when it comes time for follow-on fundraising.   Read more on the TEN Capital Network education: Click Here Hall T. Martin is the founder and CEO of the TEN Capital Network. TEN Capital has been connecting startups with investors for over ten years. You can connect with Hall about fundraising, business growth, and emerging technologies via LinkedIn or email: hallmartin@tencapital.group

    Joining an Angel Group

    February 14, 2022

    2 min read You may find yourself contemplating joining an angel investment group. As with all investment decisions, there are both benefits and drawbacks to joining an investment group. Familiarize yourself with both before making the final decision. Benefits The angel network can build resources to share with the angel such as due diligence. This is time-intensive work, so it helps to share the load. Angel networks provide more and better deal flow than individual investors can find. The bigger the angel network, the more likely there will be investors that are knowledgeable about the market segments and startup business models. This lets the angel investor pursue deals outside their core expertise. Angel groups can write bigger checks than individual angels and thus command better terms with the startup. Experienced angel investors can share their knowledge with new angels. This is particularly helpful in setting valuations, defining term sheets, and supporting the company. Angel investors can find diversification through the angel network and its deal flow. An angel network will have more influence over its startup scene than an individual investor.  Challenges Here are some challenges related to angel investment groups to consider: Angel investing requires hands-on work with the startups, not only in funding but also in supporting them after the investment. They are often left filling in the gaps left by the local incubators and accelerator programs in coaching them into a place where they can raise funding. First-time angels can find it time-consuming and expensive to learn the process. Newmarket segments require the angel investor to continually learn new industries and business models.  There’s no collateral for the investment and it can all go to zero as it’s a risky investment class. One out of ten investments will be a home run. Two or three will provide a small return on investment. And the rest will fail.  Angel investing can be a rewarding endeavor but it’s not without its challenges. Read more on the TEN Capital eGuide: Leading an Angel Group Hall T. Martin is the founder and CEO of the TEN Capital Network. TEN Capital has been connecting startups with investors for over ten years. You can connect with Hall about fundraising, business growth, and emerging technologies via LinkedIn or email: hallmartin@tencapital.group

    How to Use Mailers to Assess Engagement

    February 10, 2022

    2 min read You have a good list. Next, you need to introduce your deal to the investors and demonstrate why it’s a good deal. The operative word here is “DEMONSTRATE.”  Most startups tell the investor why it’s going to be a good deal – great product, great team, great market, great future, etc. The key is you have to SHOW them it’s a great deal by highlighting the traction with customers, the experience and ongoing work of the team, and the improvements on the product. Investors see dozens of deals every day.  You can stand out by remembering one thing: Everyone promises – only a few deliver. What is an Investor? Every startup has a great future. Every startup promises the moon.  So what does the investor do? The investor looks for evidence of meeting milestones, a sense of momentum behind the deal. Your outreach to the investor is a campaign – not a one-time contact. You must demonstrate that you have traction. The team must be doing great things. The product must be progressing. If you can’t do anything unless you have a $500K, then this is going to get tough. You have to show you can do things with little or no funding. Your campaign mailers need to tell your story. Over the next four mailers, you need to showcase your story and how it works. Investors are busy, and they don’t have time to read 5000-word emails. They’ll read a half-page, maybe a little more and that is it. It would be best if you told your story over a series of emails as we work our way into the busy lives of the investor. Break the story down into smaller pieces and schedule them out so the investor can see progress being made weekly.   Read more on the TEN Capital Network education: Click Here Hall T. Martin is the founder and CEO of the TEN Capital Network. TEN Capital has been connecting startups with investors for over ten years. You can connect with Hall about fundraising, business growth, and emerging technologies via LinkedIn or email: hallmartin@tencapital.group

    Need-To-Know Metrics for Investors

    January 31, 2022

    2 min read As an investor, there are several metrics to keep in mind while evaluating and managing your startup investments. Today, we are going to talk about four key metrics: redemption facilitation, 3X in 3 terms, IRR, and ROI. Continue reading to learn what these metrics are used for and how to put them into action for your investment portfolio. Redemption Facilitation: In an early-exit term sheet, it’s important to have a redemption facilitation process. This includes the steps for setting up the bank accounts, capturing the investor’s interest, providing payouts, and investor updates. The process also tracks escrow of repayment funds and later revenue share payments to complete the redemption process. For the redemption exercise, here is the timeline and steps: 180 days from Note maturity: Capture the current version of the cap table and financials, including the current income statement and balance sheet. Send a notice to the investors to consider their decision to redeem. 90 days from Note maturity: Confirm the investors’ decision to redeem. Prepare payment options for the company to consider.  60 days from Note maturity date: Send notice to the investors of impending maturity and confirm their decision on redemption. 30 days from Note maturity date: Update investors with status on a regular basis. Send notice of redemption to the company and ask for payment due in one week. 23 days from Note maturity date: If payment is not received, then a payment plan will be due in one week by the company. 16 days from Note maturity date if no payment plan is provided: Set up a follow-up meeting with the company to discuss options. Upon maturity of the Note or in the event of a Corporate Transaction payment: Create a promissory note of the debt due. Elect a board of directors with investors having majority control. 3X in 3 Terms I analyzed the results of several angel networks and found that 65% of the investments after three years were still in business but were no longer on the venture track. In most cases, they were growing businesses but we’re not going to be bought out for a significant return to the investor as the market conditions had changed, the competition had taken over, or the founder was no longer interested in keeping pace to achieve a venture exit. The best-case scenario was the entrepreneur would sell the business for 2-3X after 10 years, in which case the investor would get a minimal return on investment. In my investing experience, three years into the investment, it becomes clear if the company will continue on the venture path or not.  I often saw the entrepreneur signal their departure from the venture path by taking above-market rate salaries.  I called this taking the ‘payroll exit’, in which case they no longer needed an ‘equity exit’.   This left the investor stranded on the equity plan with no way out. I set up a deal structure that would allow the investor to go on the payroll exit in the event the startup chose that path. In this structure, the investor receives three times their investment three years from the date of investment. Therefore, $100K in yields $300K out. If the company continues on the equity exit, then the investor may choose to stay in the investment.  ROI ROI is the return on investment without respect to time. If I invest $100K and 5 years later I receive a return of $300,000 then my ROI is 3X as I’ve tripled my initial investment. Since ROI doesn’t reflect time passed, if I receive my return 10 years later my ROI is still 3X. As you’ll see in the next section, this is where ROI and IRR differ from one another.  IRR IRR is the internal rate of return which is the return on investment with respect to time. It’s easiest to calculate IRR using an excel spreadsheet. Follow the steps below: Open up a column Set each row as one year Put the amount invested in year 1 (use a minus sign for this input) The amount returned in the appropriate year (use a positive sign for this input) Put a zero in each unfilled row Apply the IRR formula from Excel to make the calculation To understand your investment results better, you’ll find IRR is often a better metric than ROI as it considers the time factor. Read more TEN Capital eduction:  http://staging.startupfundingespresso.com/education/ Hall T. Martin is the founder and CEO of the TEN Capital Network. TEN Capital has been connecting startups with investors for over ten years. You can connect with Hall about fundraising, business growth, and emerging technologies via LinkedIn or email: hallmartin@tencapital.group

    Thinking Out of the Box: Creative Sources of Funding for Startups

    January 27, 2022

    2 min read Finding funding is an indefinite ongoing process for startup organizations. Equity funding is a typical go-to for many startups, however, it is not always the most ideal form of funding. Below are a few creative sources you can look to for your next raise. Loans Loans are debt instruments that must be repaid. Startups can find it difficult to get a traditional loan from a bank. The Small Business Administration offers several loan types for early-stage companies. These loans come with personal guarantees and cannot be closed out with the dissolution of the business. There’s also debt through the use of credit cards and microloans. It’s difficult to use debt to pay for your core product development. Debt makes sense when you have some revenue coming in to pay for the loan.  There are other types of debt including accounts receivable factoring in which you raise money on what customers owe you. There’s also equipment financing in which the equipment collateralizes the debt. Factoring works when you have to pay customers and want to shrink the cash float from the time you build the product until the time you receive payment. Equipment financing works well if you need machinery to build your product or run your business. Credit Lines A line of credit is a short-term loan from the bank to help smooth out cash-flow cycles. Unlike a bank loan in which you receive an injection of funds, a line of credit lets you draw upon it when you need and pay it back when you can. The interest rate on a line of credit is substantially lower than credit cards and offers a higher borrowing limit than most credit cards. However, the interest rates are often variable and not fixed. A secured line of credit is backed by an asset, while an unsecured line of credit is not. An unsecured line of credit will come with a higher interest rate. There are both personal and business lines of credit. Personal lines of credit are often secured by personal property. For a business line of credit, the bank determines your credit limit based on the business assets and cash flow. The bank determines the interest rate by adding the interest to a margin that is affected by your credit history, profitability, and business risk. The line of credit is a useful tool for early-stage businesses to help with cash-flow issues. Licensing You may be able to reduce the amount of funding needed to grow your business by licensing your technology to others. Instead of building and selling a product, you can license to others who will build and sell the product. In licensing, you must have a patent to protect your technology and oftentimes a series of supporting tools to help those who license your technology for using it.  Licensing brings the following benefits: It reduces the amount of capital you need to raise. It can generate a substantial return given the costs are low. The risk of product failure is shifted to the licensee. The disadvantages are: You don’t control how it is used. Your licensee may later compete with you. You don’t receive the full revenue as if you had built and sold the product yourself. Licensees can also bring you new ideas for improvements on the technology. For applications requiring high-capital expenditures for building and selling the product, licensing is a good fit. Grants Grants are typically provided by government organizations to spur research and make a small contribution to the business. Commonly used grants include SBIR, Small Business Innovation Research, which provides phase 1, 2, and 3 grants that add up to $1M. You can search for grants at www.grants.gov. Grant funding is mostly one-time offerings and need not be paid back. They are non-dilutive which means they don’t take any space on the cap table. Use grants to cover costs that customers will not. For example, customers will not pay for basic research but only for finished products. Grants often come with rules on how they can be spent. Be careful in spending too much time with grants. I once worked with a company that had raised over $4M from grants over a five-year period. The team became experts at writing grant proposals but no one could sell, market, or do much of anything for a customer because for five years they focused on writing and winning government grants. Read more TEN Capital eduction:  http://staging.startupfundingespresso.com/education/ Hall T. Martin is the founder and CEO of the TEN Capital Network. TEN Capital has been connecting startups with investors for over ten years. You can connect with Hall about fundraising, business growth, and emerging technologies via LinkedIn or email: hallmartin@tencapital.group

    Startup Exit Strategy

    January 17, 2022

    2 min read  The end goal of most startup organizations is to eventually exit the marketplace. This is when everyone involved in the deal makes their largest profit off the business. Strategy is key to a successful exit. In this article, we discuss how to plan for an exit, ways to exit, and how to negotiate the exit. Planning For an Exit Startups should start planning for an exit after they achieve product-market fit. The following are some key points to consider when planning your approach to an acquirer: What are the key metrics the acquirer will look for? What are the company’s metrics and how do they currently look? How big is the market for the company’s product? What initiatives are underway that will produce value for the company? How is your companies product compared to the competitor? What is your primary competitive advantage? How consistent is your growth rate? What is your forecast for the coming three years? How will your company be perceived by the potential buyer? Use them to guide your funding, hiring, and strategic plans. Looking For An Exit Startup investors look for an exit in the 5– to 7-year range. As a startup, you need to consider the exit from the beginning as the exit strategy can inform your decisions around funding, hiring, and more. Here are several exit options to consider: Mergers and acquisitions – most companies exit by being bought by a bigger company. Going public – some companies still use an IPO for an exit. It can be expensive due to compliance, so fewer companies take it. Private equity firm – more companies are staying private longer and often use PE firms to give the early investors an exit. Revenue sharing – some investors exit by taking a revenue share for their return. Liquidation – some companies can be sold for the assets to provide a return to the investors. Share buyout – some investors will accept a buyout of their shares from the company to provide an exit in the event there is no other option. If your investors are family members or others who do not expect to be paid back, then you can skip the exit and just maintain the business.  As you launch and grow your business, keep a list of potential exit options and consider what you would need to do to achieve it. Negotiating The Exit In negotiating the exit with an acquirer you’ll need to know the following: Key metrics about your business, both those that show the company in a positive light as well as a negative one. The total addressable market for your company. The top three opportunities your company can attack. The company’s competition and competitive advantage. The company’s track record in meeting forecasts and accomplishing milestones.  Also, acquirers will ask why you are selling the company and why now? Why is the acquiring company a good fit for your company? How closely aligned in operations is the company to the acquiring company’s operations? How much integration work will need to be done? What role will the CEO play after the acquisition? Think through the answers to these questions as most of them will come up.  Hall T. Martin is the founder and CEO of the TEN Capital Network. TEN Capital has been connecting startups with investors for over ten years. You can connect with Hall about fundraising, business growth, and emerging technologies via LinkedIn or email: hallmartin@tencapital.group

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